After a concussion, which two body systems are affected when the brain shakes inside the skull?

• A. Nervous and Immune
• B. Skeletal and Nervous
• C. Endocrine and Circulatory
• D. Respiratory and Skeletal

Answer: (B)

After a concussion, the primary systems that are affected are the nervous system and the skeletal system. When the brain shakes inside the skull, it leads to various forms of trauma to the nervous system, including disruptions in neuronal communication and brain function, which can manifest as cognitive issues, headaches, dizziness, and other neurological symptoms.

Additionally, the skeletal system is involved because the skull provides protection for the brain. During a concussion, the protective mechanisms of the skull and spine can be a factor in sustaining the injury. The skeletal system's integrity is important because any damage to the skull can exacerbate brain injuries.

While other systems, such as the immune system, may play a role in the body’s response to injury, they are not directly impacted in the same way that the nervous and skeletal systems are during the event of a concussion.